Geotechnical Engineering in India
Geotechnical Engineering in India Starting a construction project in India? Whether it’s a new home, an apartment building, …
What is analysis of rates? What are the various items to be included in analysis of rates?
What is analysis of rates? What are the various items to be included in analysis of rates? To …
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What are the different types of masonry used in building projects? How masonry is considered preparing estimate?
What are the different types of masonry used in building projects? How masonry is considered preparing estimate? The …
What is estimate
What is estimate A quantity surveying estimation is computation or calculation of quantity required and expenses likely to …
17 types of windows used in building
Types of windows used in building There are various types of windows utilized in constructing development to supply …
TYPES OF BUILDINGS AS PER NBC – DESIGN, PLANNING, BUILT-UP AREA
The National Building Code (NBC) of India defines a types of buildings as per NBC as any structure for …
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HOW TO GET CIVIL ENGINEERING LICENSE IN INDIA
How to get civil engineering license in India, Without registration, you won’t be able to call yourself a …
PLUMBING AND SANITATION WORK PROCEDURE – SYSTEM, TYPES, DESIGN
Plumbing and sanitation work can not be completed without house arrangements. A regular and adequate supply of water and …
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PLINTH BEAM WORK PROCEDURE – BUILDING, CHECKLIST, PROTECTION
From the architectural and engineering point of view, the plinth beam work procedure is the most important activity building construction. …
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What is Rain water harvesting – types, advantages, structures
What is Rain water harvesting is an age-old technique to conserve water. Our ancestors harvested rain just as …
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INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PLASTERING WORK PROCEDURE – TYPES, CHECKLIST
Internal and external plastering work procedure provides a finished surface that is firm and smooth. The plaster acts as a sound …
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What are points and crossing in railway? what is turnout in railway? what are pointe or switches in railway
The arrangements by which different route either parallel or diverging from the first track are connected to facilitate …
THEODOLITE SURVEY PROCEDURE – PARTS, USES, MEASUREMENT
Theodolite survey procedure is the most accurate instrument theodolite used in the measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. …
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FLOORING AND TILES FIXING WORK PROCEDURE – TYPES, CHECKLIST, MATERIAL
Flooring and tiles fixing work procedure and polishing of floor tiles is a skilled job. Theoretically, tiles get the …
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DOOR FIXING PROCEDURE – TYPES, METHOD, INSTALLATION
Easy availability of door frames in the market means that the scope of carpentry work in modern houses …
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what is reconnaissance survey in civil engineering ? What is its objective?
what is reconnaissance survey in civil engineering ? What is its objective? After map study and marking various …
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READY MIXED CONCRETE PROCESS – TYPES, PLANT, ADVANTAGES, RMC
1. READY MEXED CONCRETE PROCESS RMC Ready mixed concrete process (R.M.C.) is the fresh concrete mix, which is produced …
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TYPES OF ROAD WORK PROCEDURE – TRIMIX, WBM, CONCRETE – TEST, CHECKLIST
Types of road work procedure, light, drainage, and water are the basics in the development of any land. …
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What is green building? concept in india, Benefits, Design, materials, project
Eco-friendly construction involves the use of materials and processes that are resource-efficient and environmentally responsible throughout the life …
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PLAIN CEMENT CONCRETE WORK PROCEDURE – MATERIAL, PCC
The term P.C.C. stands for plain Cement Concrete work procedure. Before starting any R.C.C. or masonry work directly on …
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ALUMINIUM SLIDING WINDOWS PROCEDURE FIXING – CHECKLIST
Aluminium sliding windows fitting in modern houses, aluminum is widely used for windows. These windows are attractive, lightweight, …
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ELEVATOR (LIFT) WORK PROCEDURE – TYPES, CHECKLIST, INSTALLATION, PRECAUTIONS, MAINTENANCE
An lift work procedure is a cabin that moves vertically. It is used for transporting personal goods, up …
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BUILDING PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES – SCHEDULE, USE, METHOS
The construction industry is essentially a service industry, building planning and Construction activities involve converting the specified plan …
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LINE OUT OF BUILDING SETTING PROCEDURE – LAYOUT, PRECAUTIONS
Correct line out of building setting procedure are two Important and basic requirements of starting any project successfully. Mistakes …
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What are the advantages and disadvantages of the settling chambers?
Advantages settling chambers: 1. Low initial costat 2. Simple construction 3. Low maintenance cost 4. Low pressure drop …
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ELECTRICAL WORK PROCEDURE – BUILDING, TESTING, CHECKLIST, SAFETY
The Electrical work procedure supply is a basic need of the modern world since all appliances from lights, fans, and …
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What do you understand by Frog in brick? Why is it provided?
What do you understand by Frog in brick? Why is it provided? (a) The depression provided in the …
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CONTRACTOR AGREEMENT FOR ALL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES – MODE OF MEASUREMENT
Contractor agreement construction activities is a legal document which acts as a legal binding between both the parties, …
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WATERPROOFING WORK PROCEDURE- TYPE, ADVANTAGES, CHEMICALS, MATERIAL, BUILDING
The waterproofing maintains the appearance of the building and increases the life of the structure. New buildings rarely …
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what is permanent way in railway? what do you mean by rail spikes?
The railway track of permanent nature which handles the normal commercial traffic regularly in called permanent way or …
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HOW SEPTIC TANK WORK – TYPES, DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, STP, MAINTENANCE
In undeveloped areas, where Municipal sewers are not yet laid and where there are no facilities to carry …
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How municipal water mains are connected to private buildings and houses for giving water supply connections
A typical water connection, connecting the service pipe with the municipal water mains is as shown The water …
What is a Foundation in Construction? Types of foundations?
The part of the structure that lies below the ground level and is responsible for transmitting lead to …
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What is Pier? What is the function of Pier? What are the different shapes of Piers available?
What is Pier? What is the function of Pier? What are the different shapes of Piers available? Piers …
What are Pier and Abutment Caps? Give the specification for Constructing Pier and abutment Caps.
What are Pier and Abutment Caps? Give the specification for Constructing Pier and abutment Caps. Pier and Abutment …
DAMP PROOFING COURSE – MATERIALS, THICKNESS, DPC, TYPES
The damp proofing course in the plinth is the seepage of water through the members of the building. There is …
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what is the importance of highway road transportation in india?
what is the importance of highway road transportation in india? The importance of highway road transportation can be …
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CONTOUR SURVEY PROCEDURE – USES, METHODS, MAPS
The Contour survey procedure leveling is the art of determining and representing the relative heights or elevations of different …
what is camber in road – necessity, different shapes used for providing camber?
Discuss the IRC classification of roads? IRC Classification of Roads: 1. National Highways (N.H.) 2. State Highways (S.H.) …
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ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF BILLING ENGINEER – PERIOD OF BILLING – TYPES, CONTRACT
Role and responsibilities of billing engineer are the documentary aspects of the work done, through which, payments can …
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STORE KEEPING AND MATERIAL STACKING AT CONSTRUCTION SITE
Most organizations and engineers consider store keeping a minor activity in the construction field. However, research indicates that store keeping …
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What is warm humid climates
Warm humid climates are found in a belt near the equator extending to about 15 N and S. …
Types of intakes
Depending on the source of water the types of intake works are classified as follows: 1. Lake intake …
MIX DESIGN CONCRETE PROCEDURE – AS PER IS CODE | GRADES OF CONCRETE
Mix design concrete procedure can be defined as the process of selecting suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their relative …
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What do you mean by railway station ? classification, requirements, different types of yards in railways
A railway station is defined as a place where trains are stopped for the exchange of passengers, goods …
ESTIMATION AND COSTING PRACTICAL NORM AND THUMB RULES – TYPES, BUILDING
Before the commencement of any project, it is necessary to work out the probable cost of construction. This …
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WHAT IS STRUCTURAL GLAZING WORK PROCEDURE – GLASS FIXING, TYPES, PRECAUTION
The Structural Glazing glass is fixed to doors and windows for diffused lighting, for privacy, and as a …
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BUILDING MATERIAL KNOW HOW AND REQUISITION PROCEDURE
The total construction cost, almost 65% to 70% is devoted to the cost of the building material requisition …
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What are the various loads forces & stresses to be considered in designing road bridges & culverts?
While designing road bridges and culverts, the following loads forces and stresses should be considered, where applicable: …
8 Types Of Piles Foundation Used In Construction
8 Types Of Piles Foundation Used In Construction 1. Cast-In-Place Concrete Piles 2. Precast Concrete Piles 3. Steel …
What are horizontal curves? types
A horizontal curve is a curve in a plan to provide a change in direction to the central …
BUILDING MATERIAL QUALITY TESTING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE
Quality consciousness is an important aspect of construction management, especially when it comes to building material quality testing and reporting procedure. …
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CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS ! TYPES OF CEMENT, FLOW CHART
Cement manufacturing process is a reliable bonding material. It is obtained by burning calcareous material (lime) and argillaceous material …
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TYPES OF BUILDING DRAWINGS – AND DETAILS REQUIRED AT SITE
The types of building drawings required for the execution of projects are prepared by the Architect. Structural consultant …
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PWD Contractor Licence Registration
PWD Contractor Licence Registration Unеmployеd graduatе and diploma holdеrs in Civil and Elеctrical who arе domicilеd in Maharashtra …
Types of arrangements provided in bridge superstructures?
The types bridge superstructure may be arranged to conform to one of the following three types. 1. Girder …
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BUILDING PLAN APPROVALS SANCTION FROM CORPORATION GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES
The common man dreams of owning a house. Years of savings and careful investments are involved in purchasing …
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REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE – TYPES, USES, ADVANTAGES, RCC
Reinforced Cement Concrete is the most widely used manmade construction material. It is popular as a construction reinforced …
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What are the requirements of good distribution system?
Requirements of a good distribution system: 1. It should convey the treated water up to the consumers with …
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Gas supply system in building services, installation, png
This chapter covers the safe use of gases for purposes like fuel, lighting, and medical in buildings. The …
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ANTI TERMITE PROOFING TREATMENT WORK PROCEDURE – CHEMICALS, TREATMENT, BUILDING
ANTI Termite proofing TREATMENT is a chemical to destroy bacteria in the soil of the land. ‘Destroy termites …
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What is Sleepers? What is sleeper Density? What is creep? How the creep is measured?
The member laid transversely under the rails for supporting and fixing them to the gauge distance apart are …
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Explain construction working electrostatic precipitator
Electrostatic precipitator ESP are particulate collection devices that utilize electrical energy directly to assist in the removal of …
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What do you mean by gradient – types, values of Gradient for different types of terrain
The gradient is the rate of rising or fall of road surface along its length with respect to …
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PAINTING WORK PROCEDURE – BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, TYPES, DIFFERENT SURFACES
The painting work procedure is the finishing item in any construction. Painting affects the total appearance of a …
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Advantages and disadvantages of asbestos pipes
Advantages of asbestos pipes 1. They are light and hence easy to transport. 2. They can be easily …
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES – EQUIPMENTS, USE, ADVANTAGES, TECHNOLOGY
The Indian construction techniques industry is experiencing a period of fast growth. Aiming to overcome the housing problem, …
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Under what conditions we can use Shallow Foundations?
Shallow foundations can be laid using open excavation by allowing natural slopes on all sides. This is …
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Stack effect ventilation in relation
Ventilation, i.e. both the supply of fresh air and convective cooling, involves the movement of air at a …
Types of pavement used for construction of roads
Types of pavement Road pavements are generally classified into two types: I. Flexible Pavement II. Rigid Pavement A …
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATION AND ITS MANAGEMENTS
Building construction organizations managements are important to the development of the nation. They serve the country and society …
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What are the various classification of wells
Classification of wells Depending on the method of construction, wells are classified as follows: 1. Dug wells or …
C.P.W.D. Contractor Registration for Contractor Licence
What Is C. P. W. D. ? Thе Cеntral Public Works Dеpartmеnt (CPWD) of India is a cеntral …
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What do you understand by noise pollution, give the different sources of noise pollution?
Noise pollution is unwanted sound. Sound is a form of energy which is emitted by a vibrating body …
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Construction of Cable Stayed Bridges by Cantilever Method
The cantilever method is normally adopted for the construction of long-span cable stayed bridges. Here the towers are …
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Precautions in stone masonry
Following are the general principles and precautions in stone masonry 1. The stones to be used for masonry …
Loss of head and negative head in a rapid sand filter?
Rapid sand filter The loss of head in the filter operation is caused by the frictional resistance offered …
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Process self purification of running streams, Explain oxygen sag curve
The various actions Involved in the process self purification of running streams are physical-chemical and biological and may …
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FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM WORK PROCEDURE – TESTING, CHECKLIST, TYPES
Fire fighting system work procedure Safety of workmen and the staff working on construction sites are always of paramount …
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What is building and its meaning? Basic Components of a Building?
What is building Any structure constructed of whatsoever material and used for residential, business or purposes is called …
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PURCHASE DEPARTMENT PROCEDURE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, AND ITS MANAGEMENT
The purchase department procedure building contributes to the company’s profit. It is responsible for the procurement of materials required …
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What is the function of bearings in bridges ?
Bearings in bridges are provided in bridges to transmit the load from the superstructure to the substructure in …
Various functions & requirements of a good residential building
The various functions residential building are: I. The primary function of the building is to provide shelter the …
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BRICK WORK AND CONCRETE BLOCK PROCEDURE – TYPES, CHECKLIST, TESTS, QUALITY, MASONRY
Since ancient times brick work and concrete block procedure area prime building material with utility value for thatched …
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What is meant by rails? What is the function of rails? Also give the composition of rails steel to be used in the manufacture of rails
The rolled steel sections laid end to end in two parallel lines over sleepers to form a railway …
Bridge maintenance work ? Types of bridge maintenance
Bridge maintenance work ? Types of bridge maintenance Bridge maintenance is the work necessary to keep a bridge …
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Types of joints used in bridges ? What is joint?
Types of joints used in bridges ? What is joint? The joint is the weakest and most vulnerable …
Box Girder Bridges
Developments in welding technology and precision gas cutting techniques in the post-second world war period facilitated the economical …
solid waste management system rules
The Solid waste management is generated from various human activities and is normally disposed of as useless and …
Different types of windows used in Buildings
Different types of windows used in Buildings Windows are classified into the following main types: 1. Casement windows: …
What do you mean by Soil Stabilization? Types of Soil Stabilization
It is a process of treating the soil to improve its stability and bearing capacity for using soil …
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What do you mean by the term noise, What is the affect of noise in our daily life
Hearing is one of man’s most important communication channels, perhaps only second to vision. But, whilst the eyes …
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Methods of Rainwater Harvesting pdf, Compoents, Transportation, and Storage
Broadly thеrе arе two methods of rainwatеr harvеsting, namеly; surfacе runoff harvеsting and rooftop rainwatеr harvеsting. Rainwatеr harvеsting …
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Explain the lumen method for general lighting
Explain the lumen method for general lighting When a room is illuminated by many lamps and fittings another …
Define the term doors? What is location of a door and also list some technical terms related to it?
Define the term doors The arrangements made to provide free and easy access inside and outside the rooms …
Deviation of climate zone
Knowledge of the climate zone to which a town or settlement belongs and possession of published regional climatic …
What do you understand by air quality standards ? emission standard, dust falljar
Air Quality Standards are legal limits placed on levels of air pollutants in the ambient air during a …
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Pretreatment of industrial wastes
Write short note on the pretreatment of industrial wastes Industrial wastes mainly consists of the following: 1. effluents …
ACCIDENTS AND SAFETY PRECAUTION AT CONSTRUCTION SITE
This chapter talks about how to ensure effective control on accidents safety precautions at construction sites. The precautionary …
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Precautions while designing and constructing Fire place and Chimneys
Precautions while designing and constructing Fire place and Chimneys Fire places and chimneys should be properly designed and …
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GUIDELINE TO START NEW BUILDINGS LAYOUT, SURVEY, COMPOUND, ELECTRICITY
This article discusses issues that are important to a building engineer. Initial planning, management, and setting of project is …
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What are ground floors? types
What are ground floors? List some of their types? The floors constructed at plinth level of different buildings …
Maintenance work of Bituminous Road & cement concrete roads
The maintenance bituminous roads consist of: 1. Patch repairing work: It is carried out when localized pot holes …
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BUILDING REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE – TYPES
While executing civil works, ensure that building repairs and maintenance procedure is not required at a later stage. …
Contraction Joint In concrete
Contraction Joint In concrete Expansion and contraction joints: These joints are provided in all the concrete structures of …
Advantages light weight concrete
Advantages light weight concrete Following are the advantages of the light weight concrete 1. The local industrial waste, …
Registration of Valuer as Civil Engineers
Registration of Valuer as Civil Engineers For Civil Enginееrs, thеrе is onе morе carееr choice and that’s as …
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF ARCHITECTS – STRUCTURAL, PLUMBING, ELECTRICAL
Planning is the basic need of any building construction project and proper execution is important to maintain theplanning …
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ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITIES SITE ENGINEER – SUPERVISOR, STOREKEEPER, PROJECT ENGINEER
The construction industry, like any other industry, requires efficient management of human resources and material for the successful completion of …
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EXCAVATION AND FOUNDATION WORK PROCEDURE – BUILDING, TEST, TYPES, DEWATERING
Excavation and foundation work procedure is the preliminary activity of the construction project It starts from digging pits for the …
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What in cement concrete. What are properties of cement concrete.
What in cement concrete. What are properties of cement concrete. The cement concrete is a mixture of cement, …
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LAND DEVELOPMENT WORK PROCESS- BUILDING, TREE, COMPOUND, LIGHTS, OFFICE, GARDENING
In building construction, Land development work process begins when the plot is purchased and the decision to construct is made. …
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What is Solar Energy – power system, advantages
Solar energy in India is a fast-developing industry. The country’s solar installed capacity reached 25.21 GW as of …
Real estate regulation and development act 2016 benefits, Registration
RERA Real estate regulation and development rera act 2016 is an Act of the Parliament of India which …
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Building marketing and sales, documents
The words building marketing and sales are often used as synonyms. However, marketing means meeting the customer’s queries …
Major causes of bridge failure
It is well known among engineers that absolute safety is unattainable, and inevitably there are p risks of …
What type of bridge failures during earthquakes? Also suggest some preventive measures against Earthquake
Several types of bridge failures during earthquakes“. A common failure was by span shortening. Decks slid off …
Orthotropic Plate Decks & its Components
Moden highway bridges of moderate and long spans increasingly adopt orthotropic plate decks, The deck consists of …
Precautions prestressed concrete bridge engineer?
The precautions prestressed concrete bridge engineer should have a thorough understanding of the behavior of prestressed concrete structures …
Railways advantages, types, development, Gauges, classified
Railways are the most developed means of transportation in India. It has helped the national production, social and …
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Discuss the diseases caused by other vectors
Other vectors of concern in displaced population camps those can cause diseases are: 1. Lice : among the …
what strategies are adopted to control mosquitoes
Control mosquitoes populations will depend on the mosquito species: 1. Anopheles – malaria There are various strategies to …
How rodent and fleas vector is controlled
When controlling flea-borne diseases such as plague and murine typhus, never attack the rodents before first getting rid …
what way the industrial waste can pollute the water?
Certain types of organic, inorganic and radioactive substances are present in the industrial waste in minute suspended or …
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What are the effects of dampness
What are the effects of dampness The building materials such as bricks, timber, concrete, etc., have a moisture …
What is Pointing Methods of Pointing process of Painting
What is Pointing Methods of Pointing process of Painting The term pointing is used to denote the finishing …
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What do you mean by climate and tropical climate
Tropical climate (from Greek: klima) is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as a region with certain conditions of …
Process of cooling ventilation with the help of example
The moving air can be utilized as a heat conveying medium. Warm air heating is usually combined with …
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What is air conditioning ? What are the various form of installation available for a building?
The collective term for the machinery which carries out all these functions is ‘the air handling plant, and …
What are the various objectives of thermal control
What are the various objectives of thermal control The objective of thermal controls are as follows: 1. When …
Write a short note on mechanical cooling
Write a short note on mechanical cooling The simplest example of mechanical cooling is the domestic refrigerator, shown …
What is the role of day lighting in building science
What is the role of day lighting in building science If the building envelope is thought of as …
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Explain the term illumination in detail
Explain the term illumination in detail illumination from a point source reduces with the square of the distance. …
Different uses of sound waves
Different uses of sound waves Following are the various uses sound waves 1. Geologists use the knowledge of …
Explain the term acoustic in detail
Explain the term acoustic in detail The science of sound acoustics can be broadly divided into two major …
What are the major sources noise in different societies
The major noise sources in industrialized society are: a. road traffic b. railways c. aircraft, particularly airports d. …
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What are intelligent buildings
What are intelligent buildings The field of intelligent buildings, intelligent homes, building management systems (BMS) encompasses an enormous …
Write a note on energy efficiency in intelligent buildings
Until recent years, energy efficiency in intelligent buildings has been a relatively low priority and low perceived opportunity to …
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What are roofs? Classify roofs and enlist the different types of sloping roofs?
What are roofs Classification of roofs: Roofs are broadly classified into the following four types roofs: 1. Sloping, …
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Steel sloping roofs? Types Steel sloping roofs
Steel sloping roofs? Types Steel sloping roofs For greater spans timber trusses become heavy and it is economical …
17 Types of Heavy Construction Equipment used in construction
Hеavy construction еquipmеnt arе usеd for varied purposеs in largе projects. Sеlеction of diffеrеnt typеs of hеavy еquipmеnt …
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8 Types of Concrete finishes pdf download
Thе types of Concrete finishes a vеrsatilе building matеrial usеd all ovеr thе world for all typеs of …
Types of doors
Types of doors 1. Ledged and battened doors: These are the simplest type of doors. They consist of …
Different fixtures and fastenings used for doors and windows
Different fixtures and fastenings doors and windows Fastenings used for doors and windows are as follows: 1. Hinges: …
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What are windows Define Location of windows
What are windows The arrangements made for natural ventilation and the entrance of sunlight in the rooms of …
What are stairs cases
What are stairs cases A series of steps which provides access from one floor to another is called …
planning and designing stair cases
planning and designing stair cases The various principles to be observed while planning and designing a stair cases …
Different types wooden stairs
Different types wooden stairs The stairs which consist of wooden members are known as wooden stairs. These stairs …
What are concrete bricks, advantages, types
What are concrete bricks, advantages, types The concrete stairs constructed of reinforced cement concrete are known as R.C.C …
Materials used for damp proofing
Materials used for damp proofing Materials that are commonly used for damp-proofing: (1) Hot bitumen: This is a …
Transporting and placing of concrete
Transporting and placing of concrete The concrete, as it comes out of the mixer or as it is …
How we prevent the corrosion of steel
How we prevent the corrosion of steel ? Enlist the types of shoring? Prevention of corrosion:-The steel is …
Types of Mortar used for plastering
Types of Mortar used for plastering The selection of type of mortar for plaster depends on various factors …